The Ottoman origins of modern Iraq : political reform, modernization and development in the nineteenth-century Middle East /
As a result of the various reforms of the mid-nineteenth century Tanzimat (reorganisation) era, Ottoman authority in Iraq was much stronger and better administered by the 1870s, than it had been when the Ottomans imposed direct rule over the region in the 1830s. Drawing upon original source document...
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
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London ; New York :
I.B. Tauris,
2011
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| Series: | Library of Ottoman studies ;
v. 22 |
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